Assessing the record of the Muslim Brotherhood movement in contemporary Afghanistan

Document Type : The scientific research paper

Authors

1 Associate Professor of Political Science, Al-Mustafa International Society, Qom, Iran

2 Master of Political Science, Higher Education Complex, Humanities, Mustafa Al-Alami Society, Afghanistan

10.22034/mte.2021.5038

Abstract

Ikhwan-al-Moslemin movement was formed in the 1960s at a time when Afghanistan was in a political, social, religious and economic crisis. After the People's Democratic Party came to power in 1978 and a change in the political situation, the movement quickly entered a new phase, declaring the "jihad" discourse as the main strategy for achieving its goals and in this way, it played an important role in the Islamic Awakening and the changes of the 1970s and 1980s. With the overthrow of the People's Regime and the victory of the Mujahideen (1992), one of the branches of the Ikhwan (Jamiat-e-Islami) formed the Islamic State and the other branch of the Ikhwan (Hezb-e-Islami) revolted against this government and finally the government was so weakened that it was overthrown in 1996 by the rise of the Taliban. The main idea of this article is to study the reasons for the failure of Ikhwan-al-moslemin in establishing a strong and stable government in this country through a descriptive analytical method with an interpretive approach and using historical documents. The research findings show that the causes of the failure of this movement should be sought in internal and external factors; Internal divisions, ethnicity, worldliness and everyday life, extremism, distancing oneself from iKhwan defined ideals, the weakness of political ideology on the one hand, and the repression of ruling regimes, dependence on regional powers, and Transregional, fusion with takfiri and secular movements on the other hand were the most important internal and external factors.

Keywords

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

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9- Historical Studies of the Islamic World
Volume 9, Issue 17 - Serial Number 17
Vol.9, No.17, Spring 2021
April 2021
Pages 7-29

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