نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی - پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشیار، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه علم و هنر، یزد، ایران
2 استادیار، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه علم و هنر، یزد، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Noria (Charkhab) is a type of historical hydraulic structure that was utilized across various Islamic civilizations, including Iran, the Levant, Egypt, and al-Andalus. These structures served multiple purposes, such as irrigation, water transfer, and the provision of water resources. The rotating noria (Charkhab) appeared in various forms throughout much of the Islamic world, depending on geographical conditions and available technology. Their primary function was generally to lift water to higher levels to irrigate farms and agricultural lands. This article aims to identify the diverse types of rotating noria (Charkhab) and analyze their functions in various regions of the Islamic world. The research methodology is historical-analytical in nature and approach, seeking to classify and examine noria (Charkhab) from diverse perspectives through examples drawn from historical written sources, geographical texts, Islamic travelogues, and supplementary references. The selected cases, covering a wide geographical scope of the Islamic world, were examined through qualitative analysis. The findings indicate that norias (Charkhab) were constructed and operated with different technologies in various regions of the Islamic world. Most of these structures were powered by water. Some were designed to supply drinking water for cities, others were used for industrial purposes, but the majority served to irrigate agricultural lands. Since farmland was often located at higher elevations than water sources, noria (Charkhab) were employed to provide the necessary supply.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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