نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی - پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه تاریخ، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران
2 استاد گروه تاریخ، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Although Sufism was initially a manners-oriented method relying on self-cultivation and abandoning the ego to attain the right and perfection of the human soul; But gradually, in the 5th/11th century, in a general development with the reconciliation between Sharia and Tariqat, it started from monasteries to the scientific and educational structures of the Islamic world.
Although the date of Sufism's arrival in "Bait Al-Maqdis" is not exactly known, according to historical documents, Al-Quds has always been one of the most important centres of Sufism, especially in the Islamic Middle Ages, due to its privileged geographical location and religious atmosphere. Sofia's presence in Jerusalem led to the construction and prosperity of educational institutions, endowments, and charity foundations. The list of Sufi public educational institutions in the Ayyubid and Mamluk eras confirms the diligent presence of Sufi in Quds. Now this research aims to answer these questions: Why has there been an increase in the establishment and expansion of schools and institutions in Sofia during the period in question? And what were the reasons for the continued existence of Sufi institutions in "Beit al-Maqdis"? The research findings show that the Mamluks supported Sofia to get rid of the crisis of legitimacy and get out of the social and economic disturbances caused by the crusades in the west of the caliphate and the invasion of the Mongols in the east. The migration of Sufis to "Beit al-Maqdis" was accompanied by the construction establishment and strengthening of scientific schools and the stimulation and orientation of people to seclusion and isolation. The most important result of the migration of Sufis to Jerusalem following the attacks of the Mongols and the emergence of unrest in the east of the Islamic Caliphate was the growth of scientific endeavours and the increase of charitable motives in the construction of public benefit institutions and the provision of social services by sultans and nobles. Due to the historical nature of this research, the usual descriptive-analytical method was carried out by referring to archival and library written sources.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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