نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی - پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه تاریخ، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران.
2 گروه تاریخ، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران
3 گروه تاریخ، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرمآباد، ایران
4 گروه تاریخ. دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
The rise of the Shiʿite Safavid state in Iran, accompanied by Shah Ismāʿil I’s (r. 907–930 AH / 1501–1524 CE) efforts to promote Shiʿism and pressure Sunni populations, also triggered waves of migration of Shiʿite Safavid adherents from Anatolia to Iran within the Ottoman territory. Sultan Selim I of the Ottoman Empire (r. 918–926 AH / 1512–1520 CE), concerned about the internal situation in Iran and the movements and uprisings of Anatolian Turkic tribes in support of the Safavids, launched extensive propaganda against Shah Ismāʿīl. By declaring the Shah, his government, and his Qizilbash army as outside the fold of Islam and labeling them as infidels, he legitimized armed jihad against them. Aiming to conquer Iran and overthrow Shah Ismāʿil’s state, Sultan Selim not only employed widespread anti-Safavid propaganda in his writings but also mobilized Sunni scholars, jurists, and Iranian exiles, obtaining repeated fatwas and composing refutation treatises, which ultimately led to the Battle of Chaldoran. This study examines the religious disputes between Sultan Selim and Shah Ismāʿil and the role of Sunni scholars in these conflicts, using a descriptive-analytical method. The findings indicate that Sunni scholars, through provocative and propagandistic activities such as writing refutations and issuing takfīr fatwas, played a significant role in intensifying hostility and confrontation between the Safavid and Ottoman states, culminating in the Battle of Chaldoran during the reigns of Sultan Selim and Shah Ismāʿil.
کلیدواژهها [English]