نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی - پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه تاریخ دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.
2 گروه تاریخ دانشگاه تهران، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Throughout the history of urban planning, examining and understanding the natural and geographical characteristics of each region has played a major role in planning, site selection, settlement, development, and urban growth, while also helping to minimize military attacks and natural hazards. In this context, Mesopotamia—with its favorable living conditions, strategic location, proximity to ancient civilizations, accumulation of economic and cultural resources, long-standing urban settlements, and continuous spatial transformations throughout different historical periods—has been considered one of the most important centers of urban civilization in human history. Baghdad, due to its unique geographical position, becoming the center of the Islamic Caliphate with the rise of the Abbasid rule and changes in political authority across the Islamic world, has played a significant role in economic and political developments. The main question of this research is: What role did Baghdad’s natural and geographical location play in its site selection, formation, and development? Using a descriptive-analytical approach, this study examines the impact of geographical factors on the construction and development of Baghdad. The results of the research indicate that, using geographical models and maps, it was determined that political and natural conditions, as well as environmental capacities and potentials—such as soil and vegetation, temperature and precipitation, land slope, elevation, water resources, and connectivity—played a significant role in the settlement and development of Baghdad. Moreover, the influence of these factors, in conjunction with the spatial changes that occurred, had a profound effect on the city’s structure.
کلیدواژهها [English]