A Comparative Study of Isfahan school of urban planning in Safavid with Renaissance Era in Europe

Document Type : The scientific research paper

Authors

1 Faculty member of the Faculty of Art and Architecture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Tehran, Iran

2 PhD student, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Urban planning and architecture express a nation’s culture and beliefs. In different historical periods in the West and the East, a great number of Urban and architectural Works have been created. One of the most brilliant periods of Iran is the Safavid era. Establishment of Safavid had been coincided with the Renaissance, when Europe had emerged from the Middle Ages and had begun its scientific, literary and artistic progress. However, two historical periods were simultaneous, had a lot of obvious differences in urban architectural works. Thus, this article tries to compare the Isfahan school in urban planning, which is the Safavid Utopia, with its contemporary era in Europe (Renaissance). The research uses qualitative method and descriptive-interpretive analyzes of different texts. The results show that the ideology of these two schools has had profound effects on their urban architectural works. Safavid government created Isfahan school relying on mystical concepts and Shiite ideology. They tried to establish harmony and balance in urban spaces. While Renaissance urbanism is the symbol of the domination of materialism. The Renaissance utopia is the product of imposing mental order on nature.

Keywords

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

References

Ahri, Zahra. (1380). Isfahan school in urban planning. Tehran: University of Arts.
Olearius, Adam. (1385). Travelogue of Adam Olearius: Safavid Iran from the perspective of a German. Translated by Ahmad Behpour. Tehran: New Initiative.
Ilkhani, Mohammad (1382). History of Philosophy in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. Tehran: Samat Publications.
Bastani Parizi, Mohammad Ibrahim. (1379). Politics and Economy of the Safavid Era. Tehran: Alam Publishing.
Brinioli, Jean. (1385). "Shah Abbas Insight: The Royal Urban Planning of Isfahan." Translated by Davood Tabaei. Art and Architecture: Golestan Art 5: 60-71.
Baqaei, Assadollah (1376). Sheikh Baha'i in the Mirror of Love. Qom: Islamic Propaganda Office Publishing Center.
Pakzad, Jahanshah. (1388). History of the city and urbanization in Europe from the beginning to the Industrial Revolution. Tehran: Armanshahr.
Pakzad, Jahanshah. (1392). History of the city and urbanization in Iran from the beginning to the Qajar period. Tehran: Armanshahr.
Jafarian, Rasool (1378). History of Islamic Iran (Safavid from emergence to decline). Tehran: Cultural Institute of Contemporary Knowledge and Thought.
Habibi, Seyed Mohsen (1386). From the city to the city. Tehran: University of Tehran.
Randall, Herman. (1376). The evolution of the new intellect. Translated by Abolghasem Payende. Volume 1. Tehran: Scientific and Cultural Publishing Company.
Seuri, Roger. (1363). Safavid Iran. Translated by Ahmad Saba. Tehran: Tehran Book Publishing.
Shiri, Elham and Saeedi, Mehdi. (1392). "Comparison of Isfahan School of Urbanism with Renaissance in Europe", the Second National Conference on Islamic Architecture and Urbanism, Tabriz.
Saremi, Hamidreza, Taher Prizadi and Mehdi Khodashenas. (1396). Principles of Iranian Islamic architecture and urban planning with emphasis on Isfahan school. Tehran: First and last publications.
Ameli, Bahauddin Muhammad. (1376). Full text of Sheikh Baha'i Kashkol. Translated by Bahman Razani. Tehran: Zarrin Publications.
Kiwani, Mehdi (1392). "Craftsmen and their guild life in the Safavid era: researches in the socio-economic history of Iran" translated by Yazdan Farokhi. Tehran: Amirkabir Publishing Institute.
Letz, Rosa Maria. (1385). History of Art-Renaissance (from the eight-volume collection of History of Art). Translated by Hassan Afshar. Tehran: Markaz Publishing.
Marzban, Parviz (1386). Summary of Art History. Tehran: Scientific and Cultural Publishing Company.
Mashhadizadeh Dehaghani, Nasser. (1387). An analysis of the features of urban planning in Iran. Tehran: Iran University of Science and Technology.
Abandoned, Firuz. (1378). "Characteristics of urban planning in Safavid cities." Geographical Research 36: 65-73.
Morris, James. (1385). History of the shape of the city until the Industrial Revolution. Translated by Razieh Rezazadeh. Tehran: Iran University of Science and Technology.
Honarfar, by the grace of God. (1350). Isfahan Treasures of Historical Monuments. Isfahan: Saghafi Publications.
9- Historical Studies of the Islamic World
Volume 9, Issue 20 - Serial Number 20
Volume 9, Issue 20, winter 2021
December 2021
Pages 245-271

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics