History of Formation, Behavioral Principles and Common Bases of Contemporary Takfiri Currents

Document Type : The scientific research paper

Authors

Professor of Quran and Hadith at Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

After the arrival of the colonizers in Egypt and India, along with the collapse of the Ottoman Caliphate and the emergence of personalities such as Maududi, Sayyid Qutb, Hassan al-Banna and others in various places, Salafi insurgencies and movements arose in some Islamic countries. The formation of these movements caused incompatibilities between them and the governments of the Islamic lands. Most of these insurgencies were formed under the influence of foreign invasion for the Islamic lands as well as the growth of extremist ideas in the form of takfir in Islamic thought. These movements led to armed insurgencies against foreigners as well as similar rulers in Islamic lands and later in all parts of the world. The question is how these movements, which, according to the explicit claims of their leaders, have taken their principles from the Qur'an and Sunnah and have declared their policy to refer to the Qur'an and their predecessors, have been formed historically and what are their principles of behavior and common bases? In response, the history of their formation and the Salafi movements influencing their growth in the three main points of Egypt, the Indian subcontinent and the Arabian Peninsula were examined and their types are referred to base on their view about Takfir, which includes moderate, extremist and jihadist movements. Their common principles and bases are also referred, which include the takfir of Muslims and rulers of Islamic countries, the development of the concept of defensive jihad and its globalization, the permission to kill civilians, and suicidal operations.

Keywords

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Lapidus,
9- Historical Studies of the Islamic World
Volume 9, Issue 18 - Serial Number 18
Volume 9, Issue 18, Summer 2021
August 2021
Pages 82-115

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